Steam-generator



' em-sie OFFICE.

CHARLES IA. HORN, OF wooDHAVE NEWYORK, ASSIGNOR OF ONE-OURTH 'ro w.

EVERITT RUNDLE, or EAST -ORANGE, NEW JERSEY, 'AND ONE-FOURTH To HAROLD E LOMBA RD, OF BLOOMFIELD, NEW JERSEY.

STEAlVI-GENERATOR.

and among its chief objects is to provide a 4 steam .generator of a compact sectonal de-- sign suitable for" extreme high pressures;

to provide a steam generator of a compact sectional design in which each and every tube is directly eXposed to the radiant heat of the bed of incandescent fuel on the furnace grate and to the convective hea't of the' furnace gases; to provide a steam generator of compact sectional design in which the' tubes are shaped and arranged to form a secondary combustion chamber between each two adjoining sections; to provide a steam generator of' compact sectonal desgn in which the furnace gases rise and escape instraight vertical paths' without short-circuiting 'any of the boiler heating-surface; to provide a steam generator of a compact sectional design in which 'the gases, after.

having expanded in the primary -combu'sti'on chamber, are contracted as theyleave the latt 'and again expand in the secondary combustion chambers; and to provide a steam generator of a compact sectional de-' sign in which a'balanced feed as well as a balanced circulation can be maintained'in .each sectionrand independently of the others. To these and other ends the 'invention consists in the novel features of construction and combinations 'of elements here inafter described;

. In.the preferred embodiment of 'the invention each' section or unit is symmetrical i with respect to *the central transverse plane and comprises an upper drum extending longtudinally of the furnace, and a lower drum of smaller diameter arranged directly below and Parallel to the upper drum. The two are connected by tubes of special shape so that when several sections are arranged side by side to form a boiler, w'ith the upper drums relatively' close together large spaces will'be left between the lower drums and the 'tubes to receive the radiated heat from'.the

closures 4 Speciication of Letters Patent. Patented May 3, 1921 Application filed October 13, .1918. 'seria'voL 258,'702.

fuel on the grate below. The lower'spaces between the tubes of theboiler sections constitute also a plurality of secondary combustion chambers or spaces, with which the twyers hereinafter described are associated. At each end the drums are connected. by straight vertical drums arranged outside of the' setting proper, to provide large passages for the flow of water, thereby securing rapid and unimpede'd circulation in a` direction upwardly through its intermediate or evaporating'tubes and do-wnwardlythrough relatively cool vertical drums. Each upper -drum is provided with front and rear outlets for connection with front and rear transverse y inside the drum' and the feed-water intake pipe being' extended downwardly into the sediment pipe. Each lower drum is provided at its ends with suitable' wash-out openings or nozzlesr Between the .lower drums 'of two or more boilersections or units' a series'of twyers are provided, to supply preheated air for seconday combustion.

illustrated in the accompanying drawings, inwhich v Figure 1 shows' a complete insta'llationin longitudinal vertical section.

F ig. 2 is a transverse section. I Fig. 3 is a horizontal section about on line 3-3 of F ig. 2. A p I -Fig. 4 is. alongitudinal vertical 'section of a singleboiler-section or unit.

j F ig. 5 is'a det'ail cross section of one of the uppervdrums, ill'ustrating,the Construction and arrangement of the hand-holes and Fig. 6 is a detail. cross section of two adacent .lower drums, showing the arrangement of the tw'yers and the air-preheating pipes;

Fig 7 is a detail section on a I plane indicated by the l1ne`6-6 of Fig. 6.

Fig. 8 is a detail plan View of a portion' I The embo'diment thus brieiy outlinedjis V i t of the front wall .of the setting;

longitudina lly i; inside 'sections' and are flanged at their eds 'for' I Theflhhd-holes; which' are preferably circular in shape,"` are closed' byinner' tapered closures 22 Fig. -5, "drewn; firm1y?up against! convenient connectie'" with'each othergjwhen severalgroups of boler sections 'are usedf together or for conneetionto the steem line, not shown, leading to the engines for turbites. "Each upper drum' is also'provded wthtwo rows of hand-holes flon opposite sdest of'the 'central longtudinalplane of the 'drum and staggeredi wth respet to each other, eaih `ha'rd hole -servngjthr'ee tubes.

v detei l terosse onthroughthe i end! of tWo- 'lower` drums, 'takenYjust njsidethe outersidesf 'bust'on belo w provide between eah'two zane s ;T

andiupon 'the drums* The twyer elongated :port 41 in .the. 's i de of. the Cover 4 about'midv'vay between: its en ds. Will be seen-in ]3` g. 6,'theaforesad grooves aidthej ait-passage lo' formed therebyf do I() tjfe1z.-` 95 tend the full length 'of the; brick but 'terminttegat thend of the.:outletfof dschargex'. port; lnbther-words the airpassages-'arej u "jelosedatjone end. The' airuppliedto. the-j -twyrxbrieks is i delivered by nipples 42; 100

i FgS j 6 ;and 8,. on *the 'aii:'pre-heeting ppes e 43, eradled between' the lower end's eflthef water :tubesj-" These nipples' e xtendfinto the re: arrnged between .the water ;8 5`

staggered relatom 5 .as clearlfy 4 Figs. &and .8. Each'briaks ngly rooyed removablecover 39'," provide ing' az-longltudnall .passage 40 (transvereg o j' `yvithj respect t -the `drums)"openingfnto the* jo eni ende off thef airpssages 40,- V and the 'pipes themselves? (connejctedto a` suitable "105 ;source-of pre heated air 'under-pressu eg not ;With locl'nutsgg 'the' spiders :indie *the form-.of Gollat* 4, closed by removable eovers 31 and`looatedi above the 'respective endgfdrums&&At;the 4 end of each uppe drum neir therbottom thereof, are thejfeed-waterlnlet noz2 1es 32 'to which areg seoured the' feed-water finlet V ppes .33, nore .fullyt'fdesorbe d hereinafterj;

The lower' drumsgywhch; 'itgwillfbe ob pp m .a e-ip. i near the ;bottom washout nozzles '35,' having removablegelosurs.86, Fig; 3.-

The uprightwtettub 37 of each boiler section' or 'uht lre arfanged in two,rows,- staggered gin plan:'(s eeJFigs. 3 and 8)-,' the tubes jof each ,row being inclined downa r the -seeondary, feombuston'ichan I .contractionof the'gases `to enble pthem. to; A passlthrough thesespaeegffollowed'by thje which t expanson into the secondry combuston.

ehanbrs promotes thofou'gh' conimingling' of thexgases and hencefacilttlesjconbs tonof any unburn'edportons;

4, are sutably protected or -moreior 1ess n- I sulated from the heat'of the 'fir'aceg for ,example by lo'eetingthen .outside of t'he-v 'front and rearwalls 45, 4:6 of theboler settng On `thej`other"hand,the water tubes i i are directlyexposed to the beat; The'er-, V culatonin the' boler is therefote. up we'rdj :through the cwater- 'tubes and downwjd wallst, 46, are preferably composed` of refracto'ry tiles and 'are supported bythe lower horizontal drums,the-`.tiles of the lower 'course 47, Fig. 9, being specially shaped'to fit the drums. Between the groups of water tubes the tile separating walls are provided With' peep holes 48, 'Figs land 2,

' at 'which points special tiles 49, having hori- ,zontal apertures' registering with the peep holes, are 'arranged 'between the vertical."

drums. The relatively thin front and rear to further insulate the vertical drums and I prevent less of heat, V v

outer walls l 46, Figg 1, are' provided The feed-.Water intake pipes 33, Fig, 4,- which maybe connected to a common` sup-- ply' pipe,-not shown, extend down 'into the upright sediment pipes 50, Fig. 4,- inside -of the vertical ,enddrums 44:. The sedi'ment pipes are 'supported in any convenient manner, not shown, and have their lower ends extended into the upturned ends of the blowofi" elbows or nozzles 51 near thelower ends' of the drums. The provision of means for' delivery of feed-water at each end of each section makes a "balanced circulation ini.

the boiler possible; 'that is, tne feed-water 'has the same effect upon the circulation in both vertical drums and the same in all the sections.

As shown in Fig. 2,-;the boiler sections 'the vertical columns 65 & The lower-drums" fit into recesses in the top ofthe front. and

rear walls of-the combustion or grate cham- 1 ber, and' provision is made for the downward expansion of the water tubes by-mak-` ing these recesses of suitable depth.- The spaces thus left under the lower drums may be packed with asbestos, as indicated'at 56,- Figs. 9 and 10.

If a superheater is used, thepipes or coils are preferably located between the boiler sections or' 'units, just below' the-ro'w of upper drums, as indicated at'57; -Fig' 2, or at a lower position' if .a higher degree of superheat is desired. 'The 'superheater,'however, is not a part of 'the present invention and hence is not illustrated herein' Each boiler, or group of' boiler sections hasits own combustion chamber and grate,

directly below the lowerdrums. The grates and stoking mechanisins are preferably of the type described in my prior patents Nos( 1261389 and 1,271,710, dated April 2, 1918, and July 9, 1918, respectively. These devices' are indicated in Figs. 1 and 2, and

A heated brickwork. v

for a ful-l-description of the same reference may be had tothe Patentsjust mentioned. 'The smok` flues 58,' one' forfeach boiler, ex

tend over the boi-ler structure andare mount ed on thej front-and rear walls45'46 and 'the-dividing wa'lls 52,'ashoWn in igs; l L and '2 The arrangement of the fine over the boiler structure as' shown isadvantage'ous in that it permitst verticallyfand eliminates short-circuitingof any of the heatingsurface.

e gases" to rise and 'escape ;Ilt is to be understood that' the ;invention` is not limited to the specific Construction* herein illustrated .and described but .can be embodied in other' forms Without-departure being. inclined from the vertical to provide -with the -inclined tbes of the adjacent section a s'e'condary combustion chamber havarranged side by side, each section having two rows of upright water tube s, eacl 'row .90 I ing a prgressively greater 'Volume toward the bottom, and a primary combustion ;chamber commento all the sections, all said sections'being adapted to receive radiant energy from the primary combustion chamber. y 2. A steam generator comprising a.- plurality of similar s'teaTn-generating sections -aprimary 'combustion chamber;

entire primary combustion chamber,.-.exposed 'arranged side by side 'and havinga secondary combustion chamberbetween'eah two sections; and a layer of bricksextending over the to the'radiant heat'fthe fuel in said chamben-'and providing constricted p'assages for thegases :from the primary "combustion chamber tothesecondary combustion chamberswhere'by the gas'es leavingthe primary chamber are thoroughly commingled and brought into close contact '3, A steam generatorhcomprising a' plurality of similar steam-generating sections arranged side'by side and providedwith a I scondarycombustion chamber between each two sections; a primary combustionchambercomm'on to all the sectons; a series of brick tjwy'ers arranged .over the entire ;pri

mary combustion. chamber,.-exposed to the passages between the said chamber. and 'the secondary chambers whereby gases passing into thesecondary chambers are contracted and brought'into close' 'chambers 4 I 4.' A steam generator comprising' a plurality of similar steam-generating sections withthe highly I radiant heat of the fuel in said chamberand located in .the

passing into the secondary arranged side tween them at for supplying 4 upp'erand lower the bottom 'to admit radi'ant heat 'and furnace gses from below, 'each t section having intwo rows, the tubes being staggered and each tube being i bent` to exten d- .over .the aforesaid spaces for ex posure tothej said radiant heafiand to provide secondarycom-"- bustioii chambers one between each two' sec-'g tions of the gen' eratorg-` apri'mary comb'ustion chamber below i and commento ali the sections; and a series of'twyer bricksextending over the entireprima'ry combustionchamber at the bottom of the sectionsand locate'd in staggered formation ;between theupright water-tubes across the aaforesaid; spaces between the sections. so that' the bricks; one between each two tubes, are directly exposed to radiantheat irom theprim'a'ry com'bustionchamber, and .the gasesf from the latte'r are contracted' and brought into close asso ciation with 'the highlyi heated. bricks ina* passing, between the same 'into the' secondary v "combustionv chambers above. v A.

5.. A steam generator comprising va plu rality of 'similar steam-generatingsections; of symmetrcial formextending from' front v to rear andarranged side by side; a lural ity of vertical drums connected tosaid sections and atoeach endther'eof; -and 'mean's ing -from theupper part to the drum within the same alndopening adjacent the bottom of thedrum whereby the water 'in the pipe. :i

is preheated by the ste'am and drum.

6. In a steam gen'eratr comprising a piu"- rality of side 'and extending from frontto rear, a'

water in 'the steam-generating section ,composed of a hori 4 zontal upper drum', a'horizontal lower drum of smaller. diameter than the upper and` located 'directly below the sameya plura1ity- .of uprightwater t'ubes connecting the' drums,

a pair. of heat-insulated ertical'drums', 'ene ateach end ofthe section, connecting` the drums; and 'means for d-elivering feed-water to each Vertical drum,` and oreheating same withinthe drum before it is mixed with* the 'water' in .the drum, whereby 'a balanced i feed V and a balanced crculation can be maintained within the ,section and' independently of' eyery other' sectionjug r e 7; In 'a steam generator oomprsng a plu-.

rality` of' steam-generating sections arranged side by side and extending fromfront to .rear,` a; section ;compos'edof up Jr'and lower a pludrums one directly below theother,

byside but having spaces be-;

uprght water-tubejs}`arranged i' `tend-ing'. 'dwnwardly'i to and dischargingflinto-'the samet bent outwardl'y' at the top; 'the and extending' an' ada-pte feed-water to' d each of sid i drums; .said means. including' a pipe extend arranged Sid -by side,

'similar sections arranged side' by I sediment pipes" extendingdownwardly in ;the

vertical "drums, and fee 'In a sectional team generatona steam generating section comp'rising fhorzb ntal i drums :anda-'plurality of upright water tubes. conneetingj jthe* drunsflg o arranged in laterally spacedrows thertubesy of eachrovgbeing staggeredg I the tu'bes of' thej other 'each: {being e im m-d point near 'the lowere .tion fwi' h the l were drum, fsaid drums being rationlo fv the' -tubes forming inclined tube&

glethroughout substantally the en tireen cache omprising 'a r` drum, a" horizontal lower d ameter arranged directly horizontal uppe drum of smaller:

water-tubes ,cnnecting the drums; arranged in twolaterally spacedi rows, the tubes of I one row being staggered with respect to the other, the tubes all curvi ig' outwardly "from 'the upper drum intothe'spaces between ad.-

jagent sections and' extending ;th'ence inwardlyfto a-p'ointnear and directly above the lower drum,

wardly-.over said spacesand inwar dly into connection'- with the lower drumysaid drums being 'spaced apart 'to permit radiant'heat the tubes, said 'con- V forming 'inclined 1"1'o-' 'heat rays at anangle throughout -substan u tially' the entire length thereof, said conj figuration also preVenting-the entire shadng of one tube-'by' another or the' shading of tu-be byanother 'portion 11-5 to reflect directly upon figuration. 'of' the tubes' .tubes adaptjed t'' directly receive radiant one portion of a on the same sideof the tube; 2 In testmony. where'o-f signature.` a

A .CHARLES. HORN.

drum and-being bent f steam-generating sections i below the upper-,t'and a'pluralityofupright I 

